Eli Lilly quietly cancelled a clinical trial for an experimental drug to slow muscle loss in obesity patients taking its GLP-1 weight loss drug. Lilly’s kiboshed trial is a reminder that weight loss drugmakers need to look beyond drug solutions and support patients’ efforts to maintain muscle mass. They could proactively package fitness coaching and strength training downloadable apps for GLP-1 users, or partner with physicians and employers to support their GLP-1 behavioral programs with compliance-safe resources around lifestyle needs like fitness and nutrition.

Pfizer agreed to pay as much as $7.3 billion to acquire anti obesity drugmaker Metsera. The company is buying its way into weight loss drugs after unsuccessful attempts at internal development. Pfizer will need to find its niche in an underexplored area of weight loss treatments, such as marketing its monthly shot for people who don't want to inject themselves weekly or take a pill every day.

A new study shows that Eli Lilly's oral weight loss drug is more effective than Novo Nordisk's oral diabetes drug for type 2 patients. Novo also touted its own clinical study for its higher-dose 25-mg pill, currently under FDA review as “Wegovy pill,” which resulted in average 16.6% weight loss among patients. That’s on par with Wegovy’s injectable version. We think the key to success will come down to pricing. Consumers and payers are balking at current $500 to $1,000 per month injectable drug costs. With lower effectiveness rates, and cheaper upfront manufacturing, pills will likely be priced lower—but just how low will determine market success. A low-cost pill, paired with clear value messaging for distinct audience segments, will drive broader adoption and fuel sales growth.

A real-world study on Novo Nordisk’s obesity drug showed patients had significantly reduced “food noise,” which are persistent, unwanted thoughts about eating. Novo surveyed 550 US adults taking Wegovy for weight loss for at least four months. Food brands are already adapting to the weight-loss trend by adding new products tailored to GLP-1 users and right-sizing portions. We detail this in our “Impact of Weight Loss Drugs 2025” report. But there are more opportunities for GLP-1 drugmakers and food companies to partner. We could see GLP-1 friendly grocery lists curated by nutrition experts and integrated into platforms like Instacart or Uber Eats, for example. Or collaborations with ready-made meal companies like Factor or Daily Harvest, which already offer GLP-1 options.

Doctors started paying more attention to information and ads for new weight loss drugs months before they began prescribing them, according to research from ZoomRx. The study tracked obesity health-related web browsing and ad exposures for 279 healthcare providers on digital channels and 204 on TV and connected TV. Pharma companies need to find where doctors are searching or reading about Rx drugs and how their interest in a drug’s information is changing, even before the sales numbers are in. Track Reddit forums and physician social media channels like Sermo and Doximity to gauge behaviors and attitudes and shift marketing plans to meet them. Use sales reps and peer-led webinars to capture early interest—and keep refreshing that marketing with updated data and patient results as competing entrants begin to pull attention away.

AI is fundamentally changing how pharma and healthcare marketers can reach consumers. As top companies like Novo Nordisk and Genentech highlighted at CMI Media Groups “Hype to Hope to Health” conference, the focus is shifting from simply getting clicks to driving actual conversions. To succeed, marketers must embrace AI tools for smarter customer targeting and ensure content is original and well-structured. With organic search traffic declining, it's crucial to also invest in new channels like connected TV (CTV), which allows for personalized, data-driven messaging to an aging audience that is rapidly adopting streaming services.

Novo Nordisk is cutting 9,000 jobs—11% of its workforce—as it aims to regain its lead in obesity drug sales against Eli Lilly and telehealth companies. The layoffs mark another shift for Novo in a turbulent year. CEO Mike Doustdar is only about a month into the role after the previous CEO stepped down amid plummeting stock prices and sales. Though Novo lost the GLP-1 market lead to Lilly, it can regain ground if its weight loss drug pill gains approval ahead of Lilly’s oral option and executes a strong launch. It should focus on reinvesting layoff savings into commercial efforts for what will be the first GLP-1 pill for weight loss.

Obesity drugs are cost effective and provide good value despite high price tags, according to analysis from the Institute for Clinical Economic Review (ICER). It’s still early in the GLP-1 weight loss drug market with only two approved medicines, but a massive pipeline of more than 170 drugs in development. While Novo and Lilly have significantly dropped D2C prices, we think it’s going to take more competition in the market and different drug delivery methods to get to affordable and accessible pricing. Marketers should consider lower prices, but also digital tools to improve adherence, manage side effects, and offer lifestyle support.

The news: Pharma commercialization company Eversana bought digital health tech Waltz Health and is creating direct-to-consumer (D2C) and direct-to-payer models that cut out rebate negotiators, or pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs). Our take: D2C sales are the most palatable of the Trump administration’s drug pricing policies for pharma companies. But with limited in-house tech expertise, drugmakers need to partner with service providers. Health tech companies that offer D2C end-to-end solutions can create new revenue streams, while helping pharmas cater to Trump and patients’ demand for affordability and convenience.

Eli Lilly plans to file for global regulatory approval of its first weight loss pill following positive results in a second key trial. People with both obesity and type 2 diabetes lost an average 10.5% of their weight and significantly improved blood sugar levels. Oral GLP-1s faced investor disappointment over weight loss results that fall short of the injectables. However, with around 100 million US adults with obesity, the next gen pills are an opportunity for marketers to rethink how the more convenient, no-needle oral options can fit patients’ needs.

The news: Telehealth company Ro signed tennis superstar Serena Williams as a celebrity patient spokesperson for its GLP-1 weight loss meds. Our take: As an athlete, Williams speaks to potential GLP-1 customers who may not relate to advertising that focuses on people with obesity. Ro’s strategy is a win for Lilly and Novo since the drugmakers can stick to brand-safe body positivity and anti-stigma messages via obesity awareness campaigns, while their telehealth partners take on flashier campaigns with mega-celebrities while not having to adhere to the same strict FDA ad regulations.

The news: A closely watched GLP-1 experimental pill from Viking Therapeutics achieved lower-than-anticipated weight loss results in study data released Tuesday. Our take: While weight loss pills won't be as powerful as shots, they still offer a good solution. Losing 10% to 12% of weight is still a significant result. Plus, pills are much more convenient than injectibles. They're easier to store and take, and don't require a needle. Drug companies should focus on promoting these benefits to market the pills as a good weight loss option.

The news: 26.5% of US adults with type 2 diabetes used a GLP-1 injectable drug last year, per CDC data published Thursday. Our take: While type 2 diabetes is still driving most GLP-1 prescribing today, there’s a healthcare opportunity to address obesity at the same time. Providers need to proactively educate patients with obesity about the risk for type 2 diabetes, while marketers can message GLP-1s as preventive care. Partner with physicians who’ve seen the benefits for their patients and social influencers touting health benefits they’ve gained after starting GLP-1s for weight loss.

The situation: The compounded GLP-1 market isn’t dying down as quickly as previously expected. Our take: Online healthcare companies are getting crafty with how they market and sell compounded GLP-1s. Novo and Lilly will keep experimenting with legal tactics to get copycat GLP-1s off the market, but their path to victory in court is unclear. Short of the FDA stepping in—and it doesn’t seem like it will—the battle of pharma vs. compounded weight loss drug sellers will get even messier.

The news: Eli Lilly’s stock plunged about 14% on Thursday as clinical results of its experimental obesity pill orforglipron fell short of Wall Street expectations. Our take: We think Lilly has the edge over Novo, despite Thursday’s market reversal due to Lilly’s obesity pill falling short in its trial. That’s likely just a near-term blip—12% weight loss in a little over a year validates that the medication is quite effective, especially when considering that most people would prefer a pill to injecting themselves. Lilly also has in its favor that Zepbound drives better weight loss results than Wegovy, while it faces less competition from the copycat GLP-1 market since semaglutide is more commonly compounded than tirzepatide.

The news: Noom is now selling microdoses of compounded GLP-1 semaglutide for weight loss with a lower price tag and fewer side effects. Our take: GLP-1 microdosing is booming on social media trend and although weight loss drugmakers Novo and Lilly have neither studied nor endorsed mini doses, it’s another tactic for telehealth providers like Noom to stay in the weight loss game. We expect GLP-1 microdosing to gain marketing steam among telehealths this year.

The news: Novo Nordisk’s stock plunged over 20% on Tuesday after it cut full-year guidance, citing lower-than-expected sales growth for Wegovy, its blockbuster weight loss drug. Our take: Despite the recent slump, we think Novo is well positioned to rebound. It remains one of two dominant players in the weight loss drug space and is still posting profit growth, albeit below Wall Street expectations. With the US adult obesity rate expected to hit 50% by 2030, the market opportunity is huge. Meanwhile, regulators are likely going to make it more difficult for compounded drugs to be sold as long as brand-name forms stay off the FDA’s drug shortage list.

The news: Roche is considering a direct-to-patient (D2C) sales channel for its prescription drugs, CEO Thomas Schinecker said in its Q2 earnings call. Our take: The complex US healthcare PBM and insurance system can’t easily flip to a pure-play D2C prescription sales market. However, we think it will become a reliable channel, especially for self-pay patients. Pharma marketers can court them with special pricing deals, a la Lilly and Novo, but ensure they stay on the right side of regulators.

Our midyear report revisits the top trends we named in early 2025 to see what’s shaping the market, evolving fast, or fading in the rearview mirror.