Note: All years converted to US dollars using average 2024 exchange rates; includes advertising that appears on desktop and laptop computers as well as mobile phones, tablets and other internet-connected devices, and includes all the various formats of advertising on those platforms; excludes SMS, MMS and P2P messaging-based advertising; *banners (static display), rich media, sponsorships, video (including advertising that appears before, during or after digital video content in a video player); **paid listings, contextual text links and paid inclusion
Methodology: Estimates are based on the analysis of various elements related to the ad spending market, including macro-level economic conditions, historical trends of the advertising market, estimates from other research firms, and consumer media consumption trends.