[Those segments include] clothing, consumer electronics, home and garden, beauty and personal care, and sporting goods. As an example, both D2C brands and traditional fashion and beauty brands have relied on the major marketplaces such as Zalando to reach a wider audience base over the past year.

The largest revisions came from small-base categories that became hyper-relevant during the pandemic, including food/beverage and “other,” which was driven by increased demand for home improvement products. (“Other” includes home improvement and tools, garden equipment, building materials, auto fuel, and miscellaneous items like flowers, cards, photos, luggage, and cigarettes.).

Again, the biggest growth was in groceries, daily necessities, and home and garden items, as consumers concentrated on day-to-day living and their home environment. Higher levels of online shopping in Western Europe will persist post-pandemic.