[Those segments include] clothing, consumer electronics, home and garden, beauty and personal care, and sporting goods. As an example, both D2C brands and traditional fashion and beauty brands have relied on the major marketplaces such as Zalando to reach a wider audience base over the past year.

Again, the biggest growth was in groceries, daily necessities, and home and garden items, as consumers concentrated on day-to-day living and their home environment. Higher levels of online shopping in Western Europe will persist post-pandemic.